What
is a Brass Band?
Brass
bands in the British tradition are limited to cornets, flugelhorns,
tenor horns, baritones, euphoniums, trombones, tubas (known as basses
in brass bands), and percussion; but not trumpets or french horns,
since they are orchestral and Concert band instruments.
Most
bands compete against each other in contests and are graded according
to their results from Championship Section (being the highest) to
4th Section, with a separate Youth Section (usually up to and including
19 years of age). The grading of a band can also be indicative of
the commitment required, be it a once a week engagement for 4th Section,
or 3 or more times a week for the Championship Section bands.
Competitions
among bands usually consist of a performance of at least one of the
following: a test piece (which may be set by the contest organisers
or chosen by the band), a march, a hymn, or an entertainment selection.
In British National Championships, only one - usually newly written
- test piece will be performed by all bands. The most important contests,
which are all held annually, are the British Open (held at Symphony
Hall, Birmingham), the Nationals (held at the ICC in Harrogate and
the Royal Albert Hall in London) and the All English Masters (held
annually at the Corn Exchange, Cambridge).
The instrumentation used in brass bands is:
* Cornet
in Eb (called a soprano cornet)
* Cornets in Bb (solo(x4), repiano, 2nd(x2), 3rd(x2))
* Flugelhorn in Bb
* Tenor Horns in Eb (solo, 1st, 2nd)
* Baritones (Treble Clef Bb) (1st, 2nd)
* Tenor Trombones (Treble Clef Bb) (1st, 2nd)
* Bass Trombone (Bass Clef)
* Euphonium (Treble Clef Bb)(x2)
* Eb Bass (x2)
* Bb Bass (x2)
* Percussion (x2/3)